本文共 3956 字，大约阅读时间需要 13 分钟。
Sphinx是由俄罗斯人Andrew Aksyonoff开发的一个全文检索引擎。意图为其他应用提供高速、低空间占用、高结果 相关度的全文搜索功能。Sphinx可以非常容易的与SQL数据库和脚本语言集成。当前系统内置MySQL和PostgreSQL 数据库数据源的支持，也支持从标准输入读取特定格式 的XML数据。
Sphinx的特性如下：
a) 高速的建立索引(在当代CPU上，峰值性能可达到10 MB/秒);
b) 高性能的搜索(在2 – 4GB 的文本数据上，平均每次检索响应时间小于0.1秒);
c) 可处理海量数据(目前已知可以处理超过100 GB的文本数据, 在单一CPU的系统上可处理100 M 文档);
d) 提供了优秀的相关度算法，基于短语相似度和统计（BM25）的复合Ranking方法;
e) 支持分布式搜索;
f) 支持短语搜索
g) 提供文档摘要生成
h) 可作为MySQL的存储引擎提供搜索服务;
i) 支持布尔、短语、词语相似度等多种检索模式;
j) 文档支持多个全文检索字段(最大不超过32个);
k) 文档支持多个额外的属性信息(例如：分组信息，时间戳等);
l) 支持断词;
虽然mysql的MYISAM提供全文索引，但是性能却不敢让人恭维，另外数据库毕竟不是很善于做这样的事情，我们需要把这些活让给更适合的程序去做，减少数据库的压力。因此采用Sphinx来做mysql的全文索引工具是一个很好的选择。这个星期主要来学习这个这个工具的使用，下面将学习过程大致的记录一下，做个备忘，也希望能对学习这个工具的其他朋友有所启发。
安装sphinx
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | wget http: //sphinxsearch .com /files/sphinx-2 .2.11-release. tar .gz tar -xf sphinx-2.2.11-release. tar .gz && cd sphinx-2.2.11-release . /configure --prefix= /usr/local/spinx --with-mysql make && make install ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient .so.18 /usr/lib64/ libsphinxclient 安装（PHP模块需要） cd api /libsphinxclient . /configure –prefix= /usr/local/sphinx make && make install |
2.安装php扩展
| 1 2 3 4 | wget http: //pecl .php.net /get/sphinx-1 .3.0.tgz tar zxf sphinx-1.3.3.tgz && cd sphinx-1.3.3 . /configure --with-php-config= /usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-sphinx= /usr/local/sphinx/ make && make install |
3.创建配置文件
| 1 | cp /usr/local/sphinx/etc/sphinx-min .conf.dist /usr/local/sphinx/etc/sphinx .conf |
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 | # # Minimal Sphinx configuration sample (clean, simple, functional) # source src1 { type = mysql sql_host = localhost sql_user = root sql_pass = www.123 sql_db = test sql_port = 3306 # optional, default is 3306 sql_query = \ SELECT id , group_id, UNIX_TIMESTAMP(date_added) AS date_added, title, content \ FROM documents sql_attr_uint = group_id sql_attr_timestamp = date_added } index test1 { source = src1 path = /usr/local/spinx/var/data/test1 } indexer { mem_limit = 32M } searchd { listen = 9312 listen = 9306:mysql41 log = /usr/local/spinx/var/log/searchd .log query_log = /usr/local/spinx/var/log/query .log read_timeout = 5 max_children = 30 pid_file = /usr/local/spinx/var/log/searchd .pid seamless_rotate = 1 preopen_indexes = 1 unlink_old = 1 workers = threads # for RT to work binlog_path = /usr/local/spinx/var/data } |
4.创建索引并启动
| 1 2 | /usr/local/spinx/bin/indexer -c /usr/local/spinx/etc/sphinx .conf --all /usr/local/spinx/bin/searchd -c /usr/local/spinx/etc/sphinx .conf |
5.查询验证
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | cd /root/sphinx-2 .2.11-release /api python test .py test DEPRECATED: Do not call this method or, even better, use SphinxQL instead of an API Query 'test ' retrieved 3 of 3 matches in 0.000 sec Query stats: 'test' found 5 times in 3 documents Matches: 1. doc_id=1, weight=2, group_id=1, date_added=2016-11-30 01:21:20 2. doc_id=2, weight=2, group_id=1, date_added=2016-11-30 01:21:20 3. doc_id=4, weight=1, group_id=2, date_added=2016-11-30 01:21:20 |
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | mysql> select * from documents; +----+----------+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | id | group_id | group_id2 | date_added | title | content | +----+----------+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2016-11-30 01:21:20 | test one | this is my test document number one. also checking search within phrases. | | 2 | 1 | 6 | 2016-11-30 01:21:20 | test two | this is my test document number two | | 3 | 2 | 7 | 2016-11-30 01:21:20 | another doc | this is another group | | 4 | 2 | 8 | 2016-11-30 01:21:20 | doc number four | this is to test groups | +----+----------+-----------+---------------------+-----------------+-------------------- |